Question

Urban Development – Solid Waste Management
Ask a mayor of a developing country city about his or her most pressing problems, and solid waste management generally will be high on the list. For many cities, solid waste management is their single largest budget item and largest employer.
It is also a critical matter of public health, environmental quality, quality of life, and economic development. A city that cannot effectively manage its waste is rarely able to manage more complex services such as health, education or transportation. And no one wants to live in a city surrounded by garbage.
As the world urbanizes, the situation is becoming more acute. More people mean more garbage, especially in fastgrowing cities where the bulk of waste is generated. We estimate that cities currently generate roughly 1.3 billion tonnes of solid waste per year; with current urbanization trends, this figure will grow to 2.2 billion tonnes per year by 2025 – an increase of 70 percent.
Managing waste will also become more expensive. Expenditures that today total $205 billion will grow to $375 billion. The cost impacts will be most severe in low income countries already struggling to meet basic social and infrastructure needs, particularly for their poorest residents.
Because it is such a major issue, waste management also represents a great opportunity for cities. Managed well, solid waste management practices can reduce greenhouse gas emission levels in a city, including short-lived climate pollutants that are far more potent than carbon dioxide. A city’s ability to keep solid waste out of drainage ditches can also influence whether a neighborhood floods after a heavy storm.
(www.worldbank.org. Adaptado.)


1) Retire do texto uma frase na forma comparativa e explique o que está sendo comparado na frase.


2)Retire do texto uma frase com adjetivo no superlative e comente a função do mesmo na frase.

Answer 1

1 - including short-lived climate pollutants that are far more potent than carbon dioxide
Tradução: incluindo os poluentes climáticos de curta duração que são muito mais potentes do que o dióxido de carbono 
Nesse caso, o texto está dizendo os poluentes climáticos de curta duração são mais potentes do que o dióxido de carbono.

2 - For many cities, solid waste management is their single largest budget item and largest employer.
Tradução: Para muitas cidades, a gestão de resíduos sólidos é o seu maior item de orçamento e o maior empregador.
O modo superlativo é usado para dizer que alguma coisa é muito maior ou maior. Nesse caso está dizendo que para algumas cidades a gestão de resíduos é o MAIOR item de orçamento e o MAIOR empregador